Sleep at night is not just a natural process, but is largely driven by the hormone melatonin. Melatonin is produced in the body primarily during the night, signaling the body that it is time to rest. It is often referred to as the ‘sleep hormone.’ That is why melatonin tablets are given to those who experience chronic sleep deprivation, to help them sleep better.
The pineal gland is responsible for the production of melatonin. As melatonin levels rise, the body feels less enthusiastic and energized, making it more difficult to work during the night. In contrast, most people feel more energetic during the day, thanks to the cortisol hormone, which is released in higher levels during daylight hours.
Cortisol, which is produced in the morning, provides energy and alertness. In the evening, however, melatonin production increases, while cortisol levels gradually drop, leading to a sense of fatigue. This balance of hormones—melatonin at night and cortisol during the day—regulates our body clock, explaining why we feel energized during the day and tired at night.
It is fascinating to realize that these hormonal shifts are happening in our bodies without us even being consciously aware of them! These natural cycles play a crucial role in how we experience energy and rest throughout the day.
